焦虑症与恐惧症的人格和临床特征的比较

Comparation of personality and clinical characteristics among panic disorder,generalized anxiety disorder and social phobia

目的探讨焦虑症和恐惧症的人格及临床特征的差异。方法研究对象为符合CCMD-3及DSM-IV的焦虑症(广泛性焦虑和惊恐障碍)和恐惧症(社交恐惧症和惊恐障碍伴广场恐怖),共74例。采用明尼苏达多相人格测定问卷(MMPI)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对其人格特点和症状特征进行测评,并进行组间比较。结果①社交恐惧症组的MMPI精神分裂症和社会内向分显著高于广泛性焦虑、惊恐障碍和惊恐障碍伴广场恐怖组,②社交恐惧症组的SCL90强迫分和人际关系分、偏执分显著高于广泛性焦虑、惊恐障碍和惊恐障碍伴广场恐怖组,其焦虑分和总分显著高于广泛性焦虑组;广泛性焦虑组的恐怖分显著低于惊恐障碍和惊恐障碍伴广场恐怖组。结论①广泛性焦虑、惊恐障碍和惊恐障碍伴广场恐怖有着共同的人格基础,而与社交恐惧症有所不同;②社交恐惧症的症状评分最高,而广泛性焦虑症状评分最低。

Objective： To compare the personality and clinical characteristics of panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and social phobia. Methods： All patients meet CCMD - 3 and DSM - IV diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorder （ generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder） and panic disorder （ social phobia and panic disorder with agoraphobia）. 74 social phobia, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and. panic disorder with agoraphobia patients were assessed and compared with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory （MMPI） and symptom checklist 90（SCL90）. Results：The scores of Sc and Si in MMPI and Ob, In and Pa in SCL90 of social phobias patients were significantly higher than those of generalized anxiety disorder ,panic disorder, and. panic disorder with agoraphobia patients ,while the scores of An and total in SCL90 of social phobias patients were significantly higher than those of generalized anxiety disorder, the scores of Ph in SCL90 of generalized anxiety disorder patients were significantly lower than those of panic disorder, and. panic disorder with agoraphobia patients. Conclusion：①The personality characteristics of social phobias was not as same as those of generalized anxiety disorder , panic disorder, and. panic disorder with agoraphobia ;②The personality characteristics of generalized anxiety disorder , panic disorder, and. panic disorder with agoraphobia was the same. ③The symptom scores of social phobias was the highest, and the symptom scores of generalized anxiety disorder was the lowest.