论建立司法赔偿诉讼程序——以二元交叉型审理制度为核心

On the Establishment of Judicial Compensation Procedure ——Taking the Mutual Trial System as the Core

现阶段司法违法行为受害人在获得国家赔偿时存在着申请难、决定难、执行难的问题,究其原因是多方面的。但现行司法赔偿程序正当性的缺失则构成了不容置疑的制度性障碍。现行《国家赔偿法》对司法赔偿程序的设计是一种非诉讼决定程序,就其属性而言应为行政程序。为此,以二元交叉型审理制度为核心来建立司法赔偿诉讼程序可以很好地解决这一问题。具体表征为由行政法院审理普通法院违法司法行为导致的司法赔偿案件;而由普通法院审理行政法院、检察机关、公安机关和监狱管理机关的违法司法行为导致的司法赔偿案件。

In recent years, when the victim of illegal judicial action asks for state compensation, there are the problems of applying, verdicting and executin,Many causes have brought about this situation. It is no doubt that the lack of fairness in recent judicial compensation process is the systematic obstruction. The on-running ＂state compensation law＂ has designed the judicial compensation process as an unlitigating process, and in fact it is an administrative process of its attributes. More specifically, by this process is meant that the administrative court judges those cases caused by illegal judicial action of common court, and the common court judges those cases caused by illegal judicial action of the administrative court, the prosecutorial organization, the public security organization and the jail body.