《新青年》中科学主义与中国现代文学思潮

Scientific Conceptions in "The New Youth" and the Thought of Chinese Modern Literature

《新青年》杂志对科学问题的探讨已上升到科学主义层面,并与中国新文学有着内在的学理逻辑联系。崇高科学的历史语境,使科学精神成为强势话语,决定了写实主义(包括自然主义)在现代中国的独尊地位,也使反科学主义的、按“进化论文学观”演变流程应处于前列的“新浪漫主义”退居其后。就历史理性而言,中国古典主义文学思潮对科学主义的抗衡,是逆历史潮流的,但它们的价值选择却指向了对人类社会现代化进程中负面成分的批判,趋向了审美现代性。

The discussion on scientific problems in ＂The New Youth＂ was upgraded to the nature of science, which had theoretic logical relationship with Chinese new literature. Under the situation of advocating science, the spirit of science became the superior. It decided the self-esteem position of realism （including naturalism） in modem China and caused the anti-scientific New Romanticism to lay behind, which should have been at the head position according to Evolution Concept of Literature. In terms of historical theories, the resistance to scientific conception of Chinese classical literature thought was against historical trend, but their values were seen in their criticism to the negative elements in the process of modernization of human society and in the modernization of aesthetics.