“在”与“着”的平行虚化及成因

The Paralleled Grammatical Evolution of "Zai" and "Zhe" in Chinese Language and Its Cause of Formation

“在”和“着”演变轨迹大体上是平行的,都经历了动词—介词—动态助词—语气词不断虚化的语法化过程,句法位置和语用影响为它们的平行虚化提供了条件,而两者之间出现的差异是“在”和“着”原始意义的制约造成的。“在”和“着”的兴衰更替是语言系统自我调整的结果。

The evolution of ＂zai＂ and ＂zhe＂ are paralleled, both going through the process of grammar influence from verb to proposition to tense auxiliary word to tone auxiliary word gradually. Te syntax position and pragmatic influence provide situations fhor them. Their differences result from the restriction of original meaning of ＂zai＂ and ＂zhe＂. The rise and fall of ＂zai＂ and ＂zhe＂ are the results of regulating of language itself.