泰山板栗良种(优系)选育研究

Selection and breeding of Mount Taishan Chinese chestnut varieties

本研究通过对板栗种质资源丰富的泰山的实生板栗大树进行良种选育，在对优系生长结果，栗实品质调查的基础上，通过初选、实地调查、专家复选，确定23个优系在3种不同立地条件下建优系对比园。通过各优系的生物学特性、早实丰产性、栗实品质进行对比分析，采用最大隶属度原则进行排序，筛选出综合品质前4位的5号、8号、16和20号。筛选出的4个优系在不同立地条件上表现丰产稳产，4a生株产在2．0k以上，比对照石丰株产高70％～190％，平均投影面积产量在0．5kg以上。栗实综合品质优良，单粒重在8．0g以上，红褐色或紫褐色，茸毛少或较少，富光泽，栗实整齐均匀，含糖量在18．0％以上，栗肉细、味香、糯性强，栗实品质优于石丰。

This research studied on the improved variety selection and breeding of Chinese chestnut through the rich idioplasmatic resouroes of Mount Taishan. Based on the growth and quality selecting （the primary election, the on- the- spot investigation, the expert reelection of the chestnut）, determined 23 superior varieties are good to the next selection.Through the contrast analysis of biology characteristic, period of maturation, quality of the nut, uses the maximum membership function to screens the best four well synthesis quality varieties which are No.5, No.8, No. 16 and No.20. All the 4 superior varieties has stable production in the different condition of local growth, and can produce above 2.0 kg per plant at the fourth year, which 70% - 190% higher than comparison. The average projected area output above 0.5 kg.The chestnut has excellent synthesizes in quality,the weight of per nut above 8.0g, has sorrel or purple brown color, have few villous,rich gloss, neat and even, Taste fragrant, have strong glutinous, the sugar content above 18.0%. The quality of the chestnut is superior than Shifeng.