少女原发性痛经主要中医证型及影响因素分析

An Analysis on the Main Types of Syndrome in TCM and the Factors Affecting Primary Dysmenorrhea in Adolescent Girls

目的探讨青春期少女痛经的主要中医证型及影响因素,以便为指导临床治疗及开展经期身心保健提供有效对策。方法采取问卷调查的方法,对笔者所在高校120名少女进行调查。结果剔除资料不足及盆腔有阳性发现者,共107名。中医证型以气滞血瘀和寒湿凝滞最多见,痛经程度越重,气滞、寒凝、血瘀则越明显;相关因素分析中有显著性意义的因素有经期未忌生冷、烦躁焦虑、月经失调,白带异常、睡眠不足、节食、偏食、母亲有痛经史、初潮年龄也有一定意义;痛经显著意义的影响因素与少女痛经主要中医证型一致。结论少女原发性痛经的主要中医证型为气滞血瘀和寒湿凝滞,经期未忌生冷、烦躁焦虑、月经失调、白带异常、睡眠不足、节食、偏食、母亲有痛经史、初潮年龄等对痛经有不同程度的影响,经期身心保健对痛经的治疗有重要意义。

Objective:To determine the main Types of Syndrome in TCM and the factors affecting primary dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls in order to guide the clinical treatment and take health care for them.Methods:The sample was constituteed from 120 students that were subjected to questionnaire.Results:There are 107 students rejecting the cases that data shortage and pelvic cavity pathology.(1)The main Types of Syndrome in TCM are Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis and Stagnation of Cold-Dampness,the pain degree is more heavy,the Qi Stagnation,Cold Coagulation,Blood Stasis are more obvious.(2)Single factor analysis showed that affecting factors of dysmenorrhea include eating uncooked and clod food or washing with cold water during menstrual period,dysphoria and anxiety and abnormal menstruation,abnormal leucorrhea,slep deficiency,diet,nibble between meals,mother who had dysmenorrhea history and menarche age have some significance.(3)The affecting factors of dysmenorrhea are in accord with the main Types of Syndrome in TCM.Conclusion:The main Types of Syndrome in TCM are Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis and Stagnation of Cold-Dampness,eating uncooked and cold food or washing with cold water during menstrual period,dysphoria and anxiety,diet,abnormal menstruation,step deficiency,etc,affect the dysmenorrhea in different degree,and body health care in menstrual period have important meaning to the treatment.