天目山常绿阔叶林群落最小取样面积与物种多样性

Minimum sampling area and species diversity of evergreen broadleaved forest community in Mount Tianmu

在浙江省天目山国家级自然保护区内,采用一次性调查方法,研究常绿阔叶林群落物种多样性。样地大小为100 m×100 m。用激光对中全站仪测定每株树木坐标。根据树木的地径和胸径,把常绿阔叶林群落种群分为幼苗、幼树、小树、中树和大树等5个大小级。采用丰富度和多样性指数进行群落物种多样性分析。根据种-面积曲线确定最小取样面积。结果表明:在1 hm2样地内,共记录到木本植物127种,其中乔木为76种,灌木51种。群落木本植物物种丰富度最高的是小树级,多达99个物种,占群落木本植物总物种数的78%。除幼树外,从幼苗到大树,物种多样性指数和优势种数呈增加趋势。要获得天目山常绿阔叶林群落80%以上的木本植物种类,最小取样面积为4 048 m2,相当于边长为64 m的正方形。这可作为群落物种多样性一次性调查样地大小的参考依据。

In order to study plant species diversity based on one-off investigation, one typical plot with size of 100 m × 100 m was surveyed in National Nature Reserve of Mount Tianmu in Zhejiang Province. Total station was used to measure tree coordinates. Populations of evergreen broadleaved forest community was divided into five size classes： seedling, sapling, small tree, middle tree and big tree class by tree＇s boot diameter and diameter at breast height. Species diversity analysis adopts species richness and Shannon-Wiener Index. Minimum sampling area was determined by species-area curve. The result shows that there are 127 tree species, 76 arbor tree species and 51 shrub tree species, in sampling plot. The maximum species richness is in small tree class which contains 99 species or 78 percent of total tree species number. Species diversity index H＇ and dominant species number tends toward increasing tendency from seedling species number, minimum and can be a reference of class to big tree class except sapling sampling area is 4 048 m^2 , corresponds to species diversity one-off investigation plot. class. In order to get 80 percent of total tree a square plot with 64 m length of one side, [Ch, 2fig. 2tab. 26ref.]