缓释复合肥对黄连营养效应的研究

Effects of Slow Release Compound Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Coptis chinensis Franch

田间试验研究了4种黄连缓释专用复合肥（SRF）对3～5年生黄连产量与药用品质的影响。结果表明,缓释复合肥料较普通复合肥料（CK）显著或极显著提高各年份黄连的生物量与根茎产量，以SRF4与SRF-的增加幅度最大（6．3％～18．7％）。各缓释复合肥处理对不同年份黄连植株地上部和地下部养分含量的影响表现为氮、磷养分含量变化特点相同。钾含量则相反。缓释复合肥的养分比例明显影响不同年份黄连的药用品质，SRF3对3年生和5年生黄连小檗碱、生物碱含量增加明显，4年生黄连则以SRF-的提高作用最大。无论地上部还是地下部，较高的N／P比、N／K比，较低的K／P比均有利于提高不同年份黄连的产量，提出的高产（量）优质处理对应的养分比例可作为高产优质黄连植株营养诊断的重要依据。

This paper was to study the effect of slow release compound fertilizer （SRF） on yield and quality of Coptis chinensis Franch. Results indicated that the biomass and root yields of Coptis chinensis Franch were significantly or markedly significantly increased by 6.3%-18.7% in 4 kinds of SRF treatments, compared to the CK. And the effect of SRF4 and SRF1 were the best. The effect of SRF on nutrition contents of shoot and root showed that the characteristic of N and P were identical, but K was in reverse. The nutrition rations of SRF could significantly affect on the officinal quality of different-year-old Coptis chinensis Franch. The berberine and alkaloid contents of 3-year-old and 5-year-old Coptis chinensis Franch increased in SRF3 treatment, but those of 4-year-old Coptis chinensis Franch enhanced in SRF4 treatment. No matter which part one of Coptis chinensis Franch, the higher N/P and N/K ration and the lower K/P ration were propitious to improve the yield and quality.