湖南“二王”与近代湖南书院改制

Hunan's "Two WANGs" and the Changes of Modern Academy System in Hunan Province

王闿运与王先谦在近代史上并称湖南“二王,”他们都与湖南书院改制有非常密切的关系。王闿运不认同西式学堂教育,主张在传统书院教育体制之内改善书院教育,船山书院在其主掌之下至1915年方改为学堂;王先谦接受了西式学堂体制,但其坚守学堂不能离“道”而行,在湖南书院改制中呈现出双重趋向。“二王”与湖南书院改制的关系,透射出传统型知识分子在晚清变局中的复杂心态。

WANG Kai Yun and WANG Xian Qian was called ＂two WANG＂of Hunan province in Chinese modem history. They all bear very close relation to the change of academy system in Hunan Province. WANG Kai Yun was not in favor of westernized education system and insisted on the reform of academy education system must be carried out under the framework of traditional academy system. Under his management, Chuanshan academy changed its system until 1915. WANG Xian Qian accepted westernized education system, but claimed the new schools must not leave ＂the way＂ ,showing a dual inclination to the change of academy system in Hunan Province. The relationship of ＂Two WANG＂and change of academy system in Hunan province show the complicated states of mind of intellectuals in Late Oing Period.