基于GIS的DEM和分布式水文模型的应用比较

Comparison of distributed geological models based on GIS technology and DEM

本文采用GIS地形分布技术和栅格技术,对TOPMODEL和新安江水文预报模型进行基于GIS的技术改造,构建了基于DEM栅格的TOPMODEL水文模型和基于GIS的TOPMODEL和新安江分布式水文模型,并将3个模型应用于黄河支流———洛河卢氏以上流域的水文模型的参数率定和模拟比较,以探讨GIS技术的应用和模型的适应性。结果表明在该研究流域上,3个模型都能很好地进行水文过程模拟,其中基于DEM栅格的TOPMODEL模型可取得更好的效果。

The GIS technology and Grid technology are used to improve the TOMODEL and Xinanjiang model for hydrological forecasting. A new model TOPMODEL based on DEM grid, namely GTOPMODEL, another new model TOMODEL based on GIS and a improved Xinanjiang model are established. The models are applied to simulate the hydrological process of Luohe, a tributary of the Yellow River, and the parameters of these models are calibrated by the observation data. The suitability of GIS technology and corresponding models is investigated. The result shows that all these three models can well simulate the hydrological process of the river basin to be studied. Among them the GTOPMODEL model based on DEM grid technology is the best.