我国城市用水探讨

AN EXPLORATION OF URBAN WATER USE IN CHINA

针对目前我国城市缺水形势严峻，同时又存在大量浪费水和水污染的现象，再一次敲响了水危机的警钟。本文结合城市用水特点，提出了城市用水、节水的基本原理。城市理想的用水系统应该是一个闭环反馈系统，这一系统应该靠节水和污水回用来实现。文中列举大量数据分析城市节水所取得的社会、经济和环境效益。根据实地考察南北方许多大中城市，归纳和分析了我国南北方城市缺水的诸多原因，并提出切实可行的解决城市用水对策。

Water crisis has again sounded warnings in China because of co-existence of serious situation of water waste and pollution in urban areas. The paper presents basic principles on water use and economization on water in urban areas in light with characteristics of urban water use. An ideal water--use system in a city should be a closed circulation feedback system depending mainly on water saving and polluted water reusing. Analyses of a vast amount of data in the study indicated the social,economic and environmental effects gained in economization on urban water. Based on field investigations of numerous large-and mediumsized cities in northern and southern China, the author identified and analyzed a number of reasons accountable for water shortage in these cities and put forward countermeasures feasible for coping with water use issues.