近47a来山西省气候变化分析

Analysis on Climate Change in Shanxi Province in Recent 47 Years

利用山西省30个地面气象站1957-2003年降水、气温、蒸发量资料,对近47 a来山西省气候变化特征做了详细分析,结果表明:①近47 a来山西省降水总体呈减少趋势,而气温则呈上升趋势,减少和上升速度均显著高于全国水平,上世纪90年代以来这种趋势尤为明显。②以上世纪80年代末为界,近47 a来山西省气候分为冷、暖2个阶段,前为冷期,后为暖期。③47 a间有2个明显干燥期,上世纪60年代中后期至70年代中期;90年代中后期至本世纪初。④47 a来气候出现异常的年份有8 a,主要集中在60年代和70年代,出现极端异常的年份有4 a,主要集中在80年代后期至本世纪初,表明气候变化越来越显著。

In this paper, the climate change in Shanxi Province in recent 47 years is analyzed in detail by using the data of annual and monthly mean air temperature, precipitation, evaporation, etc. observed by 30 meteorological stations during the period of 1957- 2003. The results are as follows： （1） The precipitation in Shanxi Province was generally in a decrease trend in recent 47 years, especially since the 1990s, and the average precipitation decrease was 17.3 mm/decade; the air temperature, however, was in an increase trend, especially since the 1990s, and the average temperature increase was 0.15 ℃/decade; the precipitation decrease and the temperature increase were significantly higher than the averages in whole China; （2） The climate in Shangxi Province was at a cold stage before the end-1980s and then at a warm stage in recent 47 years; （3） Two significant dry stages occurred in recent 47 years, that is the first dry stage was from the mid- or late-1960s to the mid-1970s, and the second one was from the mid- or late-1990s to this century; （4） Climatic abnormity occurred in 8 years in recent 47 years, especially during the period from the 1960s to the 1970s, and the extreme climatic abnormity occurred in 4 years, especially during the period from the late-1980s to the beginning of this century, which reveals that the climate change becomes more and more significant.