直航条件下二维运动目标纯方位系统的可观测性

Observability analysis to bearings-only system for two-dimensional moving target on the condition of rectilinear motion

为了降低目标丢失和暴露自己的可能性,需要研究观测站不进行航路机动的条件下,纯方位系统的可观测性。基于拟线性处理和最小二乘方法,在目标作匀速直线运动,单观测站作匀速直线运动,进而作匀加速直线运动的机动情形下,研究了二维纯方位系统的可观测性,得到了系统可观测性的充要条件以及系统的某些不可观测的条件。说明在直航条件下,通过观测站速度的机动变化,同样可以实现目标要素的解算。

For minimizing the probability of losing the target and exposing itself, it is necessary to study the observability of bearings - only system under linear sailing, i.e. , keeping the course unchanged. Based on Pseudo - linearization and least square methods, the bearings - only target motion problem was studied under the conditions that the target takes uniform rectilinear motion in 2 - dimensional space, the single observer takes uniform rectilinear motion first, and then takes rectilinear motion with constant acceleration. The necessary and sufficient observable conditions, some unobservable conditions are gained. It is showed that the target motion parameters can also be obtained by changing the velocity of the observer under linear sailing.