质子传导陶瓷膜在催化脱氢反应中的应用

Proton Conducting Ceramic Membranes for Catalytic Dehydrogenation Reactions

有机化合物催化脱氢是一种吸热、体积增大的可逆反应过程,通过特定的膜将反应过程中生成的氢气不断地移出反应区,可促使反应向产物方向移动,从而提高反应转化率、减少副反应并最终达到降低反应温度、提高产率的目的。质子传导陶瓷膜可以以质子传递方式选择性透过氢,具有成本低、选择高,耐高温、热稳定及化学稳定性能好、不易中毒等特点,非常适合于脱氢膜反应器。本文对质子传导陶瓷膜材料、透氢机理、膜制备、膜反应器及其用于脱氢反应的研究现状与进展情况进行了综述。

The catalytic dehydrogenation of organic compounds is an endothermic reaction process and is limited by the thermodynamic equilibrium. By the removal of hydrogen produced in the reaction out of the reaction zone continuously through a membrane, the pressure can be reduced, making the reaction shift to the product side. As a consequence, the yield can be increased （even beyond the equilibrium value for the equilibrium reactions） and/or the selectivity be improved by repressing other undesired side - reactions or the secondary reaction of products so that lower temperatures can be applied to avoid catalyst deactivation. The proton conducting ceramic membranes have such the advantages for hydrogen permeation as the low cost, the high permselectivity, the resistance to high- temperature and the good chemical stability. They are very suitable to the dehydrogenation reactors on condition that the hydrogen permeation rate can be improved. This article presents a review on proton conducting materials, the mechanism for hydrogen permeation, the membrane preparation, and the membrane reactors as well as their applications to a variety of dehydrogenation reactions.