农村义务教育供给与各级政府财政职责

The Supply of Compulsory Education of Countryside And Financial Responsibility of Governments at All Levels

农村义务教育具有纯公共物品性质,需要各级政府共同承担供给责任。由于政府间事权模糊,从而造成了各级政府之间财政职责的结构失衡。为推进农村义务教育的普及进程、巩固已经取得的成果,应该明确各级政府的财政职责,构建中央、省、市、县和乡(镇)级政府分别承担农村义务教育教师工资、基础建设、教材费用、公用费用、教师福利的各级政府间财政分工与合作机制。

Compulsory education of countryside is the pure public goods. This kind of education should be provided by governments at all levels together. Now because the power of affairs among the vertical governments is not clear, the disequilibrum of financial responsibility structure among governments at all levels is caused. For improving the popularizing process of compulsory education of countryside and strengthening the achievements already gained, we should clarify financial responsibility among governments at all levels and build a divided and cooperated finance system among vertical governments： central government, province governments, municipality governments, county governments and town governments bear separately the teachers＇ salary in compulsory education of countryside, the basic construction, the cost of teaching material, the public expenditure and the teachers＇ welfare.