黄柄钙皮菌的生活史

Life cycle of Didymium iridis

利用基物培养、燕麦-琼脂培养技术及扫描电镜技术研究了黄柄钙皮菌的个体发育过程,在燕麦琼脂培养基上完成了从孢子到孢子的生活史。结果表明,生活史包括单核的黏变形体或游动胞、多核的营养体原质团以及孢子形成阶段。孢子球形,表面具疣突。孢子萌发为裂式,释放1黏变形体。黏变形体行变形运动,在有水的条件下,可转变为游动胞并游动。可观察到1长具极性的鞭毛。合子形成原质团。成熟原质团棕色。原质团类型为显型,具有扇形网络状菌脉。琼脂培养基上获得的黄柄钙皮菌孢子与野生型相似,并具有可育性。

Moist chamber culture method, oat-agar culture method and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the process of the individual development of Didymium iridis. The life cycle of spore-to-spore were completed in agar culture in Petri dish. The result shows that the life cycle of Didymium iridis comprises a unicellular amoeboid or swarm cell stage, a multinucleate plasmodium stage and a sporulation stage. The spore of D. iridis is globose and the spore surface is spiny. The spore germinates by means of a crack open and releases a single myxamoeba. The myxamoeba can move by amoeboid motion. When free water is available, myxamoebae can transform into swarm cells and swim in the water. A long, anteriorly directed flagellum is visible. Zygote forms into plasmodium. The mature plasmodium is brown. The plasmodial type is the phaneroplasmodium which appears as a fan-shaped network of veins. Spores developed on agar are fertile and resemble those on natural substrate.