脑电图在评估脑死亡中的应用

Electroencephalogram in the diagnosis of brain death

目的评价脑电图(EEG)在判定脑死亡中的作用。方法选择浙江省各大医院临床诊断为脑死亡患者88例。其中男性54例,女性34例,年龄16～82岁,平均(43．6±18．5)岁。采用意大利EB Neuro公司Belight便携式脑电图仪,按国际10／20标准,用针电极进行描记,对88例临床诊断脑死亡患者相隔12 h行2次EEG检测。结果以脑电静息,即不出现>2μV的脑波活动作为脑死亡的EEG诊断标准。88例中有81例(92．04％)患者在相隔12 h行2次EEG检查,其结果均呈脑电静息表现。其中6例(6．82％)患者EEG检查存在低幅脑波活动。另1例(1．14％)首次EEG检查干扰太大影响结果判断,间隔12 h检查即显示脑电静息。结论EEG用于评估脑死亡具有较高的敏感性,在严格控制仪器参数及检测条件和动态观察的情况下,可将其作为判断脑死亡的一项重要辅助检查手段。

Objective To evaluate the value of electroencephalogram （EEG）in the diagnosis of brain death. Methods 88 patients from different hospitals in Zhejiang Province who fulfilled the clinical criteria of brain death were chosen as the subjects to undergo EEG twice in 12 hours, of whom 54 were male and 34 female, aging from 16-82 years old with an average of （ 43. 6 ± 18. 5 ） years old. EEG was performed by Belight portable EEG machine made by EB Neuro Company, Italy, according to the international criteria using needle eletrodes. Results 81 cases were showing electrical silence in the two EEG examinations; 6 cases had been recorded to have waves higher than 2 μV; in one out of these 6 cases the result was interfered by the artifacts in the initial examination but electrical silence was recorded in this case after 12 h. Conclusion EEG is an important method to assist the diagnosis of brain death for its high sensitivity, only if the instrumental data and testing condition are well controlled.