石墨矿废弃地生态复垦研究

Study on ecological restoration of lands disturbed by mining graphite

通过现场试验和小区工程措施，研究了石墨矿废弃地的生态复垦问题并建立了复垦示范田。结果表明，通过一定的技术工程措施石墨矿废弃矿坑和尾渣堆的复垦土地的理化性质基本达到了当地农业耕地的水平。从技术、经济的角度分析，石墨矿废弃地复垦的关键是耕种层的熟土配比。经筛选后的矿渣或矿毛与熟土按１∶１或１∶２的比例混配都可达到生态复垦的目的，但是前者的保水、供水、供肥能力不及后者。

ield trials and engineering measures in small area were carried our for studving the ecological restoration of lands disturbed by mining graphite. Some demonstrative plots were also built in Laixi City. It was found that the physical and chemical characters of lands restored from wasted mine pits and slag piles were equal to those of native agriculture land. The success of testoration was critically dependent on the mixture having suitable content of mellow soil. A good result of ecological restoration could be given from the mixture with a ratio of 1 : 1or 1 : 2 between the slag and the mellow soil; but the ratio of 1:1 has a less capability of containing water and fertilizer.