农业废弃物对土壤中N_2O、CO_2释放和土壤氮素转化及pH的影响

Effects of application of agricultural wastes on N_2O and CO_2 emissions,nitrogen transformation in soil and soil PH

用一种丹麦农业土壤作为供试材料，在室内培养条件下探讨了施用４种常见农业废弃物（猪粪泥浆、牛粪泥浆、黑麦秸秆、小麦秸秆）对土壤中Ｎ_２Ｏ、ＣＯ_２释放和土壤氮素转化及ｐＨ的影响。试验结果表明，施用４种农业废物均会明显增加Ｎ_２Ｏ、ＣＯ_２释放量。培养２周后，土壤中Ｎ_２Ｏ的释放量分别为：猪粪＞牛粪＞黑麦秸秆＞小麦秸秆；ＣＯ_２的释放量为：黑麦秸秆＞小麦秸秆＞牛粪＞猪粪。施用４种农业废物均会显著促进ＮＯ_３－Ｎ的转化和ＮＨ_４－Ｎ、ＮＯ_２－Ｎ的累积。施用４种废物均会改变土壤ｐＨ，其中施用秸秆的２个处理中ｐＨ显著降低，但施用牲畜粪便的２个处理中ｐＨ则稍微升高。

Incubation study using a Danish agricultural soil was conducted to understand the effects of application of four agricultural wastes, i.e.pig slurry,cattle slurry, rye straw and wheat straw, on N_2O and CO_2 emissions,nitrogen tranformation in soil and soil pH. It was indicated that N_2O and CO_2 emissions increased markedly when these four wastes were applied. After two -week's incubation, N_2O and CO_2 emitted from the soil were found in the following order: pig slurry>cattle slurry>rye straw>wheat straw and rye straw>wheat straw>cattle slurry>pig slurry, respectively. The application of each kind of these four wastes could significantly enhance the transformation of NO_3-N,and the production of both NH4-N and NO_3-N. Both of the two straws reduced obviously the soil pH, and the two animal slurries slightly increased the pH.