脑卒中后抑郁情绪的护理与研究

Nursing of the depression emotion occurred after stroke

目的研究脑卒中后抑郁症的心理护理特点。方法观察123例脑卒中后抑郁症患者康复治疗和心理护理前后抑郁症改变情况。结果男女抑郁症患者症状均有改善,男性脑卒中患者HAMD抑郁总评分明显下降,有显著性差异(P<0.01),其中焦虑躯体化、体重减轻、迟缓、睡眠障碍经治疗后评分明显下降,有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。女性脑卒中患者HAMD抑郁总评分下降,但无显著性差异(P>0.05),体重减轻、睡眠障碍较重经治疗评分明显下降,有显著性差异(P均<0.01)。结论脑卒中男女性抑郁症患者症状有不同特点,康复心理护理要有针对性,男性患者要注重焦虑躯体化、饮食护理、迟缓、睡眠障碍的病情观察及护理;女性患者应加强睡眠障碍、饮食护理。脑卒中后抑郁症的心理护理重点是睡眠和饮食护理。

Objective To study the features of psychological nursing of the patients with post- stroke depression. Methods The changes on the depression status of 123 patients with post-stroke depression, before and after the rehabilitation treatment and the psychological nursing, were observed. Results The symptoms of depression in both male and female patients were improved. The total HAMD score in male patients with brain stroke was obviously decreased, which was regarded as a significant difference （P 〈 0, 01）. After the treatment, the scores of anxiety, somatization, weight loss, delay, sleep disorder were obviously decreased, which was a significant difference （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈0. 01）. The total HAMD score in female patients with brain stroke was decreased, but without a significant difference （P 〉 0. 05）. The scores of weight loss and sleep disorder after the treatment were obviously decreased, which was a significant difference（all P 〈 0, 01）. Conclusions The symptoms of male and female patients with post- stroke depression have different features. So the rehabilitation psychological nursing must have individual characteristics. The observation of diseases and the nursing of anxiety, somatization, diet nursing, delay and sleep disorder should be emphasized in the nursing for male patients. The sleep disorder and the diet nursing should be strengthened in female patients. The emphases of psychological nursing in patients with post stroke depression are sleep and diet nursing.