孕前体质指数及孕期增重与妊高征和新生儿出生体重的关系

RELATIONS OF PRE-PREGNANT BODY MASS INDEX AND WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY WITH PREGNANCY-INDUCED HYPERTENSION AND BIRTH WEIGHT

目的:探讨孕妇孕前体质指数及孕期增重情况对妊高征及新生儿出生体重的影响。方法:监测2 412例足月单胎初产妇孕前的身高、体重和孕期体重增加情况,并随访妊高征、巨大儿和低出生体重儿的发生情况。结果:孕前高体重组孕妇妊高征和巨大儿的发生率明显高于低体重组和理想体重组(P<0.001);低体重组孕妇低出生体重儿的发生率明显高于理想体重组和高体重组(P<0.001);无论孕前体质指数如何,当孕期体重增加≥18 kg时妊高征和巨大儿的发生率明显增高(P<0.001);当孕期体重增加<9 kg时低出生体重儿的发生率明显增高(P<0.001)。结论:孕前体质指数和孕期增重是妊高征及新生儿出生体重的重要影响因素,提倡定期产前检查及重视母亲孕期体重变化。

Objective： To investigate the influence of pre- pregnant body mass index （BMI） and weight gain during pregnancy on pregnancy- induced hypertension and birth weight. Methods： Pre - pregnant body mass index and pregnancy weight gain of 2412 mothers who had gave full- term birth to a single baby for the first time were measured and the pregnancy outcomes were followed up. Results： The incidence if pregnancy - induced hypertension and fetal macrosomia was significantly higher in the over weight group than in the ideal weight and under weight groups （P〈0.001） ; under weight mothers were more likely to give birth to babies with low birth weight than ideal and over weight mothers （P〈0.001） ; No matter what the pre- pregnancy body mass index was, the incidence of fetal macrosomia and pregnancy - induced hypertension were high in the mothers of pregnancy weight gain no less than 18 kg （P〈0.001）, whereas low birth weight was significantly more likely occurred in babies whose mother with pregnancy weight gain less than 9 kg （P〈0 .001）. Conclusion- Prepregnant body maxs index and weight gain during pregnancy can be important factors which influence the occurrence of pregnancy - induced hypertension and the birth weight of neonates, so it was very important to advocate regular pre - pregllancy checkups for all pregnancy women and pay more attention to variations of pregnancy weight.