消毒剂对大肠杆菌O157∶H7的杀灭效果及应用研究

EFFICACY OF DISINFECTANTS IN KILLING ESCHERICHIA COLI O157∶H7 AND ITS APPLICATION RESEARCH

目的:了解常用消毒剂对大肠杆菌O157∶H7的杀灭效果和指导现场消毒实践。方法:采用能量试验和模拟现场试验,对4种消毒剂进行了实验室观察。结果:能量试验测出各种消毒剂最低有效杀灭浓度分别为:二氯异氢尿酸钠有效氯为100 mg/L、碘伏有效碘为50 mg/L、洗必泰为25 mg/L、季铵盐为100 mg/L。模拟现场试验结果,完全杀灭河水、井水及医院污水中污染的试验菌所需各消毒剂的剂量分别为:二氯异氢尿酸钠有效氯20.0 mg/L、10.0 mg/L和10.0mg/L,均需作用1 h;碘伏有效碘10.0 mg/L作用8 h、5.0 mg/L作用1 h和40.0 mg/L作用8 h;洗必泰10.0 mg/L、5.0mg/L和40.0 mg/L,均需作用2 h;季铵盐20.0 mg/L作用1 h、10.0 mg/L作用1 h和80.0 mg/L作用2 h。完全杀灭泥土和田间土壤载体中试验菌所需各消毒剂剂量分别为:二氯异氢尿酸钠有效氯250 mg/L作用1 min和400 mg/L作用1min;碘伏有效碘90 mg/L作用5 min和120 mg/L作用5 min;洗必泰90 mg/L作用1 min和120 mg/L作用5 min;季铵盐为250 mg/L作用1 min和400 mg/L作用5 min。结论:试验结果对于有效切断大肠杆菌O157∶H7传播途径、控制医院感染以及进一步研究该菌有重要意义。

Objective： To know the efficacy of disinfectants in killing Escherichia coll O157：H7 and direct on- the-spot disinfectant practice. Methods： 4 disinfectants were observed in laboratory using capacity test and simulated on - the- spot -test. Resuits： The results indicated that the minimal effective germicidal concentrations of 4 disinfectants mcasured by capacity test were 200 mg/L available chlorine for sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 50 mg/L available iodine for iodophor, 25 mg/L for chlorhexidiniacetas and 100 mg/L for quaternary ammonium. In the simulated on - the- spot test, the doses of different disinfectants required for completely killing Esckerichia coli O157：H7 in river water, well water and hospital sewage were as follows： 20.0 mg/L, 10.0 mg/L and 80.0 mg/L available chlorine with all 1 h contact for sodium dichloroisocyanurate; 10.0 mg/L available iodine with 8 h contact, 5.0 mg/L available iodine with 1 h contact and 40.0 mg/L. with all 8 h contact time for chlorhexidiniacetas; 20.0 mg/L with 1 h contact, 10.0 mg/L with 1 h contact and 80.0 mg/L with 2 h contact for quaternary anunonium. The doses of different disinfectants required for completely killing Escherichia coli O157：H7 in soil carrier and farmland were as follows： 250 nag/I, available chlorine with 1 min contact and 400 mg/L available chlorine with 1 min contact for sodium dichlorolsocyanurate, 90 mg/L available iodine with 5 min contact and 120 mg/L available iodine with 5 min contact for iodophor, 90 mg/L with 1min contact and 400mg/ L with 5 mincontact time for quaternary ammonium. Condusion. The results are effective to guide the prevention of prevalence of Escherichia coli O157：H7 staphylococcus, control hospital infection and study Escherichia coli O157：H7 progressively.