山东省碘缺乏地区非碘盐分布状况及其干预效果

Distribution of non-iodized salt and intervention effect in areas with iodine deficiency in Shandong province

目的调查山东省碘缺乏地区非碘盐分布现状以评价干预效果。方法采用横断面调查,对生产、居民户层次进行食用盐抽样检测,整群随机抽取学龄儿童检查甲状腺和测定尿碘水平,并与往年结果比较。结果生产层次碘盐批质量合格率为94.6%,碘含量(32.7±6.4)mg/kg。仅1999年的批质量合格率低于90%。居民户层次检测食用盐27 423份,其中加碘盐占95.5%,合格碘盐占91.2%,非碘盐占4.5%;全省碘盐覆盖率95.9%,合格碘盐食用率91.1%,非碘盐率4.1%。87.6%的县碘盐覆盖率≥90%,74.2%县合格碘盐食用率≥90%,12.4%县非碘盐率>10%;75.0%的非碘盐县分布在沿海产盐区,25.0%分布于内陆。儿童甲状腺肿大率7.7%,尿碘中位数199.1μg/L。结论山东省碘盐覆盖率和合格碘盐食用率在省级水平达到了消除碘缺乏病(IDD)目标,但在县级水平未实现目标,应对沿海地区采取综合整治措施加以彻底解决。

Objective To investigate update distribution of non-iodized salt in iodine deficiency areas so as to assess the effect of controlling it in Shandong province. Methods Edible salts were sampled and tested at the levels of producers and households by cross-section survey. Palpation of the thyroid of school-age children was carried out, their urinary iodine level was detected by random sampling. The indicators were compared with previous ones. Results The rate of iodized salts from factories was 94.6 % with mean value（32.7± 6.4）mg/kg. Only in 1999 the rate of it was below 90%. 27,423 samples of edible salts from households were tested. The proportion of iodized salt was 95.5 %, qualification iodized salt 91.2 % and noniodized salt 4.5%. The ratio of iodized salt was 95.9%, qualified iodized 91. 1% and non-iodized salt 4.1% in whole province. The proportions of iodized salt in 87.6 % of counties were over 90 %, 74.2 % in qualification rate （ ~ 90 % ） and 12.4 % in non-iodized salt rate（ 〉 10 % ）. 75.0 % of counties with non-iodized salt were at coastal regions, 25 % were at inland. The number of the counties was lower in 2002 or 2003 than in 1999, but 2004 was more then before. Goiter prevalence in school-age children was 7.7 %. Their urinary iodine median was 199.1μg/L. Conclusion The rates of iodized salt and qualification iodized salt have reached the target of IDD elimination at the levels of province. It should strengthen synthesizing intervention activities against non-iodized salt in the same costal counties for the goal.