成人哮喘影响因素的病例对照研究

A case-control study on influencing factors of asthma in adults

目的探讨成人哮喘的影响因素。方法使用成组的病例对照研究方法,采用问卷调查方式,对调查数据进行单因素和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果单因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,有12个因素与成人哮喘有关联;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,8个因素被选入方程,其中粉尘过敏史(OR为9.38)、家中使用羽绒被(OR为7.66)、食物过敏史(OR为4.03)、过敏性鼻炎史(OR为3.76)、经常感到压抑和沮丧(OR为3.33)、接触过粉尘或气体(OR为2.47)、父亲吸烟(OR为1.49)是成人哮喘的危险因素;婴儿期母乳喂养(OR为0.29)是保护因素。结论成人哮喘可能是生活方式、环境和遗传共同作用而导致的一种疾病。

Objective To explore the influencing factors for asthma in adults. Methods A hospital-based case-control study was undertaken in 116 asthma patients with 158 controls without asthma by using questionnaire. Available data were analysed by Uni-and Muki-unconditional Logistic regression methods. Results 12 factors were identified to be related to asthma when single factor Logistic regression analysis. 8 factors in multiple Logistic regression model were： the history of dust allergy（ OR = 9.38 ）, using eider down quilt at home （ OR = 7.66）, the history of food allergy（ OR = 4.03 ）, the history of allergic rhinitis（ OR = 3.76）, often suppression and depression（ OR = 3.33）, occupational dust and gas expourse（ OR = 2.47）, father smoking（ OR = 1.49） and breastfeedign（ OR = 0.29）. Conclusion Adult asthma was a disease to be associated with multiple-factors such as lifetyle, environment and gene. The history of dust allergy, using eider down quilt at home, the history of food allergy, the history of allergic rhinitis, often suppression and depression, occupational dust and gas expourse, father smoking increased risk of asthma and breastfeeding decreased risk of asthma in adults.