从藏族《格萨尔》等多民族史诗解析“荷马问题”

Explanation and Analysis of "Homer Issue" from Tibetan 《Gaser》 and Other National Epics

如果把学者们研究古希腊史诗《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》的不同的三种主要观点与我国《格萨尔》这部活形态史诗的说唱、流传、记录、整理等诸多实际情况以及世界其他一些史诗研究的实况密切结合起来进行分析,那么争论旷日持久的“荷马问题”也许能够得到解决,至少可以启发研究者拓开自己的视野,不要就“荷马问题”研究“荷马问题”。我们可以说所谓“荷马问题”中的“短歌说”、“核心说”和“统一说”是每一部民族史诗在其创作和形成过程中都经历的几个阶段,均有内在的联系,不能人为地割裂开来。

The long debated ＂Homer issue＂ might be solved if the researchers＇ three main opinions on ancient Greek epics 《Iliad》 and 《Odessa》 can be connected and analyzed with other epics research in the world, especially with China＇ s research on the living form epic 《Gesax》 concerning its talking and singing, spreading, recording and sorting out. At least, the research on 《Gesar》 and other epics can broaden researchers＇ horizon and distract their attention from ＂Homer issue＂ on ＂Homer issue＂. This article attempts to indicate that ＂short song theory＂, ＂core theory＇＂ and ＂unified theory＂ are different phases in the process of producing and forming any national epics. They are internally related and can not be separated subjectively.