谷氨酰胺对肉仔鸡免疫器官发育及免疫功能的影响

Effects of Glutamine on Development of Immune Organ and Immune Functions in Broilers

240只1日龄艾维菌肉仔鸡,随机分为4组，Ⅰ组为对照组，Ⅱ～Ⅳ组为试验组，各组分别在基础日粮中添加0、0.1％、0．2％及0、4％的谷氨酰胺（Gln），研究Gln对肉鸡免疫器官发育及免疫功能的影响。结果表明：饲料中添加不同剂量的Gln均可显著提高14日龄肉鸡的胸腺和脾脏指数（P〈0.05），且有明显量效关系；21、28日龄时上述指标仍高于对照组。但仅Ⅱ、Ⅲ组与对照组差异显著；Gln对法氏囊的发育无明显效果；添加Gln可显著提高肉仔鸡外周血淋巴细胞的转化率及T淋巴细胞数量，增强肉仔鸡对新城疫疫苗的免疫应答（P〈0.05），对提高肉仔鸡血清IgG水平亦有一定作用．其中14日龄时以添加0.4％的Gln作用效果最好，而28日龄时则以添加0.1％的Gln效果最好，Gln对红细胞免疫功能没有明显作用。

Two hundred and fourty one-day-old Avian broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups of 60 birds each. Group Ⅰ served as control,while group Ⅱto Ⅳ were respectively supplemented with 0. 1%, 0. 2% and 0. 4 % glutamine （Gin） in basal diet for 28 days,and the effects of dietary Gln（glutamine） supplementation on the development of immune organ and immune functions in broilers were studied, The results indicated that the indices of thymus and spleen of the birds in the experimental groups at 14-day-age was significantly higher than those of the control group（P〈0.05） ,and the effects of Gin supplementation were more obviously with increasing dosage of Gin. Furthermore,the parameters above were also higher than that of the control group al 21 and 28 clays old,but only the indices of it was significant in Ⅱ or Ⅲ groups. Supplementation of Gin had no significant effect on the development of Fabricius bursa. The additions of Gin significantly increased T lymphocytes quantity of peripheral hlood,lymphocyte proliferation rate and serum HI antibody titers of Newcastle disease（ND） （P〈0. 05）.The exotic Gin also had benificial effect in increase the serum lgG concentration of the broilers. The experiment also revealed that 0. 4% Gln Supplementation at 14-day-old and 0.1 % at 28-day-old in the diet were appropriate to improve the immune organ development and immune function of broilers, Supplementation of Gin had no significant effect on immune functions of the red blood cells.