发育性髋关节发育不良兔模型中髋臼的改变

Changes of acetabulum in rabbit model of developmental dysplasia of the hip

目的探讨发育性髋关节发育不良(DDH)髋臼的变化。方法采用管型石膏固定方法制作动物模型,取经X线检查存在DDH的大耳白兔,行ECT检查后解剖双侧髋臼。以GREENHILL方法进行测量。分别沿长短径并与两径平行取材切片观察其组织学改变。结果ECT检查结果显示病变髋臼核素浓聚明显低于对照侧。病变髋臼向后上方延长,失去其近似圆形的结构而呈椭圆形。组织学观察,沿长径的切片显示病变髋臼后上缘关节软骨外翻,其关节软骨生长柱方向也发生改变,异位关节软骨明显增厚;而沿短径的切片可以看到透明软骨去机化及向纤维软骨转化。结论DDH动物模型中存在微循环的改变,软骨翻转导致髋臼后上方的延长。

Objective： To investigate the changes of the acetabulum in developmental dysplasia of the hip （DDH）. Methods： Rabbit DDH model was established by fixing the right knee joint in extension position with plaster. The rabbits were killed and their acetabula were examined after X-ray and emission computed tomography （ECT） were performed. The major and minor diameters of acetabula were measured by Greenhill method. Sections sampled along the major and minor diameters were observed. Results： ECT showed that nuclide concentration in the dysplastic acetabulum was significantly lower than that in the control side, suggesting the microcireulatory abnormality in dysplastic acetabulum. The dysplastic acetabulum was elongated superioposteriorly, and the major diameter was significantly longer than the minor diameter. Conclusion： The rabbit DDH model has microcireulatory abpormality, and the eversion of the articular cartilage along the major diameter causes morphological changes.