鲁迅与哈代乡土文学共异性研究

Similarities and Dissimilarities Between Lu Xun and Thomas Hardy′s Regional Novels

乡土文学是最具地方特色和民族特色的文学类别。对不同社会和文化背景下的乡土文学进行比较是探寻乡土文学与本土文化、社会背景内在关系的必要途径。为此,选择了中国乡土文学的开创者鲁迅先生与西方三大杰出乡土作家之一托马斯.哈代进行分析比较。以19世纪末20世纪初中国和英国的乡土小说为视角,透过鲁迅与哈代乡土小说中的依恋自然情结、悲剧性主题及人道主义等相似点的表面现象来分析其作品的本质差异,即鲁迅乡土小说的社会性(强调人物与社会的冲突)与哈代乡土小说的哲学性(强调人物与自然环境的冲突)。这两种差异构成了东、西方乡土作家作品的本质区别。

At its strongest, regional literature characterizes itself as a literary genre with the flavor of the local and the native. It is a vital approach to explore the nature of the relation between the regional literature and the contemporary cultural and social context through the comparison and contrast of the regional works of different cultures. It is in this sense that Lu Xun, the founder of Chinese regional literature and Thomas Hardy, one of the most striking regional novelists in the English regional literature are chosen as the subjects of the study under the context of the later nineteenth century and the early twentieth century. From the perspective of regional novels, the thesis will analyze the instinctive divergence between Lu Xun and Thomas Hardy through the superficial similarities of the complex of nature -love, the tragic theme and the humanism imbued in both regional novels. Specifically, the social inclination embedded in Lu＇s regional novels, which stresses the clash between the characters and the society, is essentially different from the metaphysical inclination indicated in Hardy＇s regional novels, which are likely to demonstrate the clash between the characters and the Nature.