论国家豁免在雇佣合同中的适用

在雇佣合同与国家豁免的关系问题上,国家之间的最大分歧在于,政府的雇员是否有权以及在什么程度上有权在法院地国起诉雇佣国。国家实践和立法的现状所预示的趋势是:在涉及雇主为国家的诉讼中,法院对与私法领域的雇佣合同完全相同的雇佣合同通常会实施管辖权,但是,如果这类合同涉及到雇员对政府职能的履行,法院就会给予被告国家豁免权。

The most obvious divergence of different countries in the relationship between state immunity and employment contracts is whether and to what degree government employees have the right to take action against the employer country at the forum state. The predictable trend shown by international law and currentpracticesisthatin claims against the state as the employer, the court has the jurisdiction upon employment contracts of a private law nature. However, in the case of employment at a diplomatic mission, the court always gives immunity to the defendant state.