马鸣风萧萧 微风燕子斜——浅论宋词的阳刚美与阴柔美

Horses neigh with the wind and Swallows dance with breezee——On Masculine Beauty and Feminine Beauty of Song poem

宋词有两大流派,一是婉约词,一是豪放词。北宋前期基本上都承袭了晚唐五代词风。词至柳永而一变,在内容上常写羁旅行役,男女恋情,辞藻多彩,音律谐婉,风格清婉绚丽,给人以柔性的美。词至苏轼而再变,一扫晚唐以来浮靡温柔的词风。凡身世友情、怀古感旧、伤时叹世、咏史说理、山水田园等内容,均可入词,从而冲破了“诗庄词媚”的传统界限,给人以阳刚之美。本文以柳永的《雨霖霖·寒蝉凄切》和苏轼的《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》为例谈谈宋词的阴柔美和阳刚美。

There are two maior schools of Song poem： the graceful poem and the bold poem. Almost all the poems in early Northern Song Dynasty inherited the style of the late Tang and Five Dynasties poems. Until to Liu Yong＇s era, poems changed to write traveling easement, the love between the sexes in the content and the subject became more narrow; In tactics, expressing emotion by describing scenery is apt to use In language, rhetoric and colorful, graceful words are used to make people flexible. To Sushi＇s era, changes made again. Sushi waved a banner of reform and slammed the door of the gentle poem style since late Tang Dynasty. He created a tide of bold poems and open out a broad road for the development of Song poem. In this paper, Liu Yong＇s ＂Yu Linlin- HanChanQiQie＂ and Sushi＇s ＂Niannujiao- CiBiHuaiGu＂ are used for example to show the masculine and feminine beauty of Song poems.