单层短程线网壳结构模型试验研究

A Study on Model Test of Single-Layer Geodesic Dome

模型试验是全面掌握工程结构基本特性的有效手段之一。根据模型相似理论设计并制作了单层短程线网壳结构模型,同时设计了可动砝码加载方案,加工制作了砝码及支托。对结构杆件进行了材料拉伸试验,对结构模型进行了静载试验和模态试验研究,成功获得了结构模型的静内力分布规律及模态参数。试验结果与有限元计算结果对比分析表明,静载试验结果与有限元计算结果吻合较好,模态试验结果与有限元计算结果吻合稍差。所采用的加载方案、试验手段及分析方法对类似的模型试验研究都具有一定的参考价值,所得到的试验数据为大型空间网格结构实际工程的在线损伤识别及健康监测研究提供了第一手资料。

Model test is one of the widely used techniques for comprehensive understanding of engineering structures. For this purpose, a single-layer geodesic dome model was designed and constructed based on the model similarity theory. Meanwhile, the moveable load scheme was proposed, the weights and the brackets were manufactured. Tension test on the structural element, static and modal test on the structural model were carried out in detail. The distribution regularities of the static inner forces and the modal parameters are obtained successfully. The experimental results are compared with those obtained by the finite element analysis. The results show that the static experimental results are consistent with the computational ones but the consistency between the modal test results and the computational ones is not so well. Loading scheme, test program and analysis method adopted in the whole process in this paper have certain reference value for the similar model tests. The abundant experimental data received in model test are also the important reference information for studying on damage detection and structural health monitoring of the large-span spatial lattice structures.