塔里木盆地东部断裂系统及其构造演化

Fault systems and their tectonic evolution in the Eastern Tarim basin

通过逾3 000 km地震剖面的精细解释,构建了塔里木盆地东部的断裂系统,它们分别是孔雀河断裂系统、东南断裂系统和伸展断裂系统。NW走向的孔雀河断裂系统包括古生代和早三叠世活动的孔雀河斜坡构造楔、晚侏罗世和早白垩世活动的英吉苏右行剪切挤压断裂系和新生代活动的孔雀河断裂。孔雀河断裂系统在晚古生代与塔里木地块和准噶尔地块的碰撞相关,中生代受阿莫尔海关闭构造事件的影响,新生代与印-藏碰撞相关。东南断裂系统包括志留纪的走向NE向NW逆冲的车尔臣断裂,它在白垩纪再次活动,还有新近纪和第四纪活动的NEE走向的阿尔金左行剪切挤压断裂。东南断裂系统志留纪与塔里木地块和中昆仑地体的碰撞相关,中、新生代与拉萨地体-羌塘地体碰撞和印-藏碰撞相关。伸展断裂系统发育于寒武纪、奥陶纪、早志留世、中-晚侏罗世和古近纪。

Based on detailed interpretation of over 3 000 km of seismic profiles, the fault systems in the Eastern Tarim basin have been established and three systems, the Kongquehe fault system, the Southeast fault system, and the extensional fault system, have been identified. The NW-trending Kongquehe fault system consists of the Kongquehe slope with the shape of tectonic wedge in the Paleozoic and the Early Triassic, the Yingjisu dextral transpressional fault series in the Late Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous, and the Kongquehe fault in the Cenozoic. It was related to collision between the Tarim massive colliding with the Central Kunlun terrane in the Silurian, and the Lasha/Qiangtang terrane collision and India/Tibet collision in the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic. The Southeast fault system includes the NE-trending northwestward thrusting Cheerchen fault in the Silurian, which reactivated in the Cretaceous, and the ENE-trending sinistral transpressional Altyn Tage fault in the Neogene and the Quaternary. The formation of Kongquehe fault was influenced by the collision between Tarim massive and Jungger massive in the Late Paleozoic, by the closing event of the Amur Sea Way in the Mesozoic, and by Indian-Tibet collision in the Cenozoic. The extensional fault systems are believed to be developed through the Cambrian, Ordovician, Early Silurian, Middle-Late Jurassic, and Paleogene.