石门方言词汇(上)

The Vocabulary of Shimen Dialect(I)

石门方言指的是广西平南县大鹏乡石门自然村的居民讲的客家话。石门人的先祖于清初从广东梅县迁到石门村;石门方言虽经两百七十多年的演变,仍与其祖语梅县方言有许多共同之处,它们均属客家方言(即客家话)。由于石门方言是客家话方言岛,故石门方言深受其周边方言—粤方言平南话的影响,其中在词汇中受影响的程度最深,例如,将“冰棍”讲作“雪条”,将“刚才”讲做“”等等。石门方言词汇还保留不少古代汉语的词语。

Shimen dialect refers to the Hakka speech spoken by the villagers at Shimen Village, Dapeng Town, Pingnan County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Their ancestors immigrated from Meixian county of Guangdong province to Shimen village in early Qing Dynasty. Therefore, Shimen dialect is still similar to its ancestral dialect-Meixian dialect, although it has undergone great change in the past 270 years. They both belong to Hakka dialect, i.e. Hakka localism. Shimen dialect, as a dialect island of Hakka, is deeply influenced by the surrounding dialect --Pingnan Guangdong dialect, especially in the vocabulary such as ＂Xuetiao＂（ice- stick） instead of ＂gingguan＂, etc. Meanwhile the vocabulary of Shimen dialect still preserves many ancient Chinese words.