纳滤膜净化受污染地下水的效能与膜污染特性

Efficiency of nanofiltration membrane purifying polluted groundwater and characteristics of membrane fouling

分别建立了以活性炭、锰砂及石英砂过滤为预处理的纳滤膜组合工艺系统净化受污染地下水.以活性炭为预处理的纳滤膜通量衰减速率最小[0.0592L/(m2·h2)],说明由地下水中有机物造成的纳滤膜污染作用明显大于铁、锰及硬度引起的无机污染;预处理出水经终端纳滤膜处理后,地下水中COD、UV254等有机物综合指标去除率达50%以上,并能保留水中的部分矿质元素,而且经终端纳滤膜处理后地下水中的有机物种类减少了28种,同时色谱总峰面积减少了94.6%;结合扫描电镜、色质联机及傅立叶红外-拉曼光谱分析,主要有26种烃类、苯类、醛类等有机物污染物附着在膜上,无机污染物则以CaCO3和CaSO4成分为主.

Nanofiltration membrane combined technique system purifying polluted groundwater using active carbon, manganese sand and quartz sand filtrations for pretreatment was established respectively. The declining rate of nanofiltration membrane flux using active carbon for pretreatment was the smallest [0.0592L/（m^2·h^2）], which indicated that the membrane fouling action caused by organic matter in groundwater was greater obviously than the inorganic fouling caused by iron, manganese and hardness. The removal rates of COD and UV254 in groundwater reached above 50% after final nanofiltration membrane treating of pretreated effluent; and could retain partial mineral elements in water. And after final treating, 28 kinds of organic matters were reduced. At the same time, 94.6% of total chromatogram peak area was reduced. Based on the integrated analysis of SEM, GC-MS and FT-IR, there were mainly 26 kinds of organic matters, such as hydrocarbon, benzene and aldehyde etc, adhered on the membrane, and main inorganic pollutants of CaCO3 and CaSO4 adhering on the membrane.