支气管哮喘患儿气传变应原检测分析

Aspiration allergen detection in the children with asthma

目的了解苏州地区儿童支气管哮喘的气传变应原。方法应用美国ASI公司生产的IVT变应原体外检测试剂盒,采用酶联免疫吸附法对103例支气管哮喘急性发作期儿童进行血清变应原检测。结果103例中80例(77.67%)气传变应原呈阳性反应,其中尘螨阳性56例(54.37%),屋尘阳性23例(22.33%),宠物皮毛阳性21例(20.39%)。气传变应原检测呈阳性反应例数及阳性率随着年龄的增加而增高,差异无显著性(P>0.05);尘螨变应原呈阳性反应例数及阳性率亦可以发现随着年龄的增加而增高(P<0.01)。结论引起苏州地区支气管哮喘最重要的变应原是尘螨,宠物皮毛阳性率亦较高,需予以重视。早期发现气传变应原对儿童支气管哮喘的诊断、治疗、预后估计有重要的临床意义和指导作用。

Objective To explore the main aspiration allergens which trigger child allergic asthma in Suzhou area. Methods The serum specific allergens were detected with Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 103 children with bronchial asthma. Results The total positive rate of the subject was 77.67% （ 80/103 ）. The highest rate was dust mite 54.37 % （ 56/103 ）, then was house dust 22.23 % （ 23/103 ）, and animal hair 20.39 % （ 21/103 ）. The cases showing positive response and positive rate in the detection was increased with the increasing age, with no significant difference（ P 〉 0.05） The positive rate of dust mite increased with the patient＇s age （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The main allergens for children with asthma in Suzhou area are dust mite and animal hair. The allergen test could play a clinically important and guidance role in the treatment and prognosis of bronchial asthma of children.