美国对韩国政治经济发展的影响与韩国的反美主义

American Influence on Korean Political and Economic Development and Korean Anti -Americanism

二战结束以后，美国将韩国作为在亚洲的“反共堡垒”，竭力控制韩国的政治和经济发展进程：政治上，极力促使“反共主义”成为韩国主导的国家意识形态，扶植右翼势力，打击左翼和民族主义力量，并向当地民众灌输西方民主思想；经济上，尽可能地通过西方资本主义生产方式推动韩国实现自立并走向“起飞”。渐渐地，这一切与韩国人的反美情绪联系在一起。

The United States wanted to build the Republic of Korea into a ＂anticommunist fortress＂, and spared no effort to intervene its course of political and economic development： politically, U.S. tried very hard to facilitate ＂anticommunism＂ to become the dominant national ideology of the ROK, fostered the Right forces, attacked the Left forces and nationalists, and insued the local populace with Western democratic ideas; Economically, U. S. tried its best to propel the ROK to achieve a self- supporting economy and reach the ＂take - off point＂ according to Western capitalist mode of economic development. At last, American political and economic policy toward ROK touched off Korean anti - Americanism.