肺栓塞20例临床分析

The Clinical Analysis on 20 Pulmonary Embolism Cases

目的通过对肺栓塞的临床特点分析提高对PE的诊断治疗水平。方法对20例PE患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果(1)肺栓塞常见的临床表现有急性胸痛、呼吸困难、咯血等;(2)心电图检查示8例患者出现典型的S I QⅢTⅢ改变及8例非特异性ST-T改变;超声心动图示肺动脉压升高者8例,右心室或右心房扩张者5例;(3)溶栓治疗和抗凝治疗可有效改善患者预后。结论重视心电图及超声心动图结合在肺栓塞中的诊断价值并结合临床资料,可提高肺栓塞的早期诊断率。

Objective To improve the diagnostic and therapeutic level through analysis of clinical characteristics of pulmonary embolism （PE）. Methods Retrospective analysis on the clinical data of 20 cases of pulmonary embolism. Results （ 1 ） Acute chest pain, dyspnea and hemoptysis were the most frequent symptoms of PE. （2） ECG examination revealed typical S I QⅢTⅢ changes in 8 patients and ST-T changes in 8 patients. Echocardiography demonstrated pulmonary hypertension in 8 patients, right ventricle or right atria enlargement in 5 patients. （3） Thrombolytic therapy and anti-coagulation could effective improve the prognosis of PE patients. Conclusion Timely ECG and echocardiography examination and overall analysis of clinical material are critical factors of early diagnosis of PE.