辽朝兴衰的历史启示

The Revelation of Liao Dynasty' s Flourish and Downfall——"Decay Will Lead to Defeat "

人们常说“落后就要挨打”,其实,这一历史启示并不具有普遍意义,中国历史上的辽金元政权就曾创造过“落后打败先进”的光辉业绩,但到了他们变后进为先进的后期以后,又被新兴的尚处于落后阶段的女真、蒙古和起义军所打败。契丹初兴之时,能够以一个“落后”政权打败“先进”政权,不仅仅是因为他们拥有强大的骑兵,而是因为那时的契丹人具有一种“惟知有国,而不知有身”的上下一心求发展,艰苦奋斗创大业的民族精神。到了契丹变后进为先进的后期以后,变得不堪一击,又被新兴的尚处于落后阶段的金政权所打败,也不是因为契丹人没有骑兵,而是因为契丹人丧失了原来那种团结奋斗的民族精神,是辽朝逐渐走向腐朽的必然结果。从辽朝的兴衰中,我们可以看出,并非是“落后就要挨打”,而是“腐败就要挨打”,我们应该牢记这一沉痛的历史教训。

People all said that ＂decay will lead to defeat＂, but it doesn＇t have a general meaning. The Liao,Jin and Yuan regimes all set the brilliant record of ＂ the lagged beat the advanced＂, but after they became the advanced, they were defeated by the lagged Jurchen, Mongol and other rebellers. At the primary period, the lagged Qidan people could defeat the advanced, not because they had powerful trooper, but because they had a great national spirits of ＂only know country but no body＂ to pursue development and showing the utmost fortitude to achieve great undertaking. After Qidan became the advanced, they were easily defeated by the lagged Jin regime, which was not because Qidan didn＇t have powerful trooper, but because they lost the previous united national spirits and was the inevitable result of the downfall of Liao dynasty. From the flourish and downfall, we can see that it is ＂decay will lead to defeat＂, not ＂lagged will lead to defeat＂ and we should bear in mind firmly this disastrous historical lesson.