辽东楤木对过度训练大鼠心肌线粒体游离钙的影响

The Influence of A elata on the Free Calcium of the Rats' Cardiac Muscle Mitochondria during Overtraining

目的:通过建立大鼠过度训练模型,探讨辽东楤木对过度训练大鼠心肌线粒体游离钙的影响及其机制。方法:雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分为3组:安静组,单纯运动组,楤木加运动组,运动模式为6周递增负荷游泳,期间给相应组大鼠服用辽东楤木提取物,最后一次运动后24h取样测定各组大鼠心肌线粒体MDA、SOD、Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP酶和游离钙等指标。结果:经过6周递增负荷训练,单纯运动组大鼠运动能力下降,心肌线粒体MDA含量显著增高(P<0.01),游离钙、SOD、Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP酶的活性显著下降(P<0.01);训练同时服用辽东楤木提取物的大鼠运动能力较运动组有所提高,楤木组心肌线粒体MDA低于运动组,但无明显差异,SOD、Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP酶的活性明显高于运动组(P<0.05),游离钙显著高于运动组(P<0.01)。结论:经过6周递增负荷训练,单纯运动组大鼠呈过度训练状态,心肌线粒体自由基生成增多,抗氧化酶活性下降,导致线粒体膜发生脂质过氧化,Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP酶活性下降,线粒体内游离钙下降,影响线粒体的氧化磷酸化过程;辽东楤木可通过提高抗氧化酶活性,改善过度训练心肌相对缺氧状态,减少自由基的生成而缓解线粒体的脂质过氧化和游离钙的下降,从整体上表现为加快大鼠疲劳的恢复,提高大鼠的运动能力,对预防过度训练起到一定的作用。

Objective： To study the influence of A.elata on the free calcium of the rats＂ cardiac muscle mitochondria during overtraining by building the rats＂ overtraining model and administering rats with A.elata in this period. Method： Male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups randomly： sedentary control group （A）, simply training group （B）, training and administered with low dose of A.elata group （C）. The training model was swimming for 6 weeks followed increasing exercises loads gradually, while the corresponding rats were administered with A.elata. The indexes such as MDA, SOD, Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATP enzyme and free calcium of the cardiac muscle mitochondria of rats were measured at 24 hours after last training. Result： After 6 weeks＂ training with increasing exercises loads gradually, compared with A group rats, the ability to do exercises of B group rats dropped clearly, the indexes of cardiac muscle mitochondria showed the following significantly changes： the content of MDA increased significantly（P〈0.01）, the activity of SOD, Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATP enzyme and the concentration of free calcium decreased significantly（P〈0.01）; the activity to do exercises of C group rats were stronger than B group rats; the indexes of cardiac muscle mitochondria of C group rats showed such changes compared with B group rats： the content of MDA was lower, without significance （P〉0.05）, the concentration of free calcium was higher significantly（P〈0.01）, the activity of Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATP and SOD enzyme were higher clearly（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： After 6 weeks＂ training increasing exercises loads gradually, B group rats showed the state of overtraining. Because of the generating of free radical and the following membrane＇ s being oxidized, B group rats＇ cardiac mitochondrial was oxidized and the concentration of free calcium decreased. A.elata alleviated the oxidation stress of the rats＇ cardiac muscle mitochondrial and the drop of the free calcium by raising the activity of SOD and cardiac muscle＇ s relative lack of oxygen. A.elata improved the rats＇ ability to do exercises and promote the rats＇ recovery after training. A.elata prevented the appearing of the overtraining.