基于声压振速联合信息处理的声矢量阵相干信号子空间方法

The coherent signal-subspace method based on combined information processing of pressure and particle velocity using the acoustic vector sensor array

为解决水下宽带源的远程测向问题,提出了一种基于声压P与振速V的互谱矩阵的声矢量阵相干信号子空间方法。与现有的将声矢量传感器的振速信息仅仅作为独立阵元来处理的声矢量阵测向方法不同,新方法完全基于声压与振速联合信息处理,充分利用了声矢量阵中P-V互谱的抗噪能力,能将相干信号子空间方法的宽带高分辨能力及去相干能力与声矢量阵的抗噪能力有机地结合起来,实现对宽带源的远程、高分辨方位估计。理论分析给出了基于P-V互谱矩阵的宽带聚焦原理和特征分解原理,以及信源数检测准则。基于湖试数据的仿真实验结果显示,采用3元声矢量阵,在信噪比为-10dB和观测时间为20s时,新方法方位估计的均方根误差约为5°,明显强于现有方法。

In order to solve the problem of DOA （Direction of Arrival） estimation of underwater remote wideband targets, a novel coherent signal-subspace method based on cross spectral matrix of pressure P and particle velocity V using the Acoustic Vector Sensor Array （AVSA） is proposed in this paper. The proposed method is different from existing AVSA based DOA estimation methods using particle velocity information of Acoustic Vector Sensor （AVS） as an independent array element. It is entirely based on combined information processing of pressure and particle velocity, as well as the P- V cross spectrum, has better DOA estimation performance than existing methods in isotropic noise field. By theoretical analysis, both focusing principle of the P - V cross spectral matrix and theory of eigendecomposition based on the P - V cross spectral matrix are given. At the same time, the criterion of source number detection is also presented. Computer simulations with data from lake trials demonstrate, the proposed method is effective and obviously outperforms existing methods in resolution and the accuracy in the case of low Signal-to-Noise Ratio （SNR）.