基层医院普通外科术前患者营养状况调查与分析

Investigation and analysis on the nutritional status of pre-operative patients in basic-level hospitals

目的了解基层医院住院患者术前的营养状况,研究微型营养评价法(Mini Nutritional Assessment,MNA)的应用价值。方法应用MNA、主观全面评价法(Subjective Global Assessment,SGA)对132名普通外科术前患者进行问卷调查、人体测量学检测和临床实验室检查。结果①根据MNA得分,普通外科住院患者中有56.8%属于营养不良,68.2%属于潜在营养不良。②SGA得分结果显示,3.8%属于重度营养不良,22.0%属于中度营养不良,17.4%属于轻度营养不良。③根据三头肌皮褶厚度(TSF)和上臂肌围、体重指数(BMI)测得患者营养不良的发生率分别为28.8%、24.3%、36.4%。④根据白蛋白、总淋巴细胞计数的实验室结果,患者营养不良发生率分别为3.8%和29.5%。⑤MNA得分与SGA具有相关性。结论基层医院普通外科术前住院患者可应用MNA进行营养状况评估,为临床工作提供理论依据。

Objective To determine the nutritional status of hospitalized pre - operative patients in basic - level hospitals,and to evaluate the application value of Mini Nutritional Assessment （MNA） . Methods 132 hospitalized pre - operative patients were assessed by MNA,Subjective Global Assessment （SGA）, anthropometric examination and clinical laboratory test. Results ①According to the score of MNA,the prevalence of malnutrition was 56.8% and latent malnutrition was 68.2%. ②According to the score of SGA, the prevalence of severe malnutrition was 3.8% ,moderate malnutrition was 22.0% and mild malnutrition was 17.4%. ③According to the results of TSF,the circle of upper arm, and BMI,the prevalence of malnutrition was 28.8% ,24.3% , and 36.4% respectively. ④According to the laboratory result of albumin and the total lymphocyte counts ,the prevalence of malnutrition was 3.8% and 29.5% respectively. ⑤There was a significant positive correlation between the scores of MNA and SGA. Conclusions MNA was proved to be valuable to assess the nutritional status for hospitalized pre - operative patients in basic - level hospitals,which could provide reference for clinical treatment.