连用修饰成分“N+デ”的语义指向分析

A Semantic Orientation Analysis of the Japanese Adverbial Modifier "N+De"

日语中部分连用修饰成分的句法和语义之间呈现出某种“扭曲关系”,运用语义指向分析有助于厘清两者之间的对应关系。“与人体相关的名词(N)+デ”这种“连用修饰成分”在句法上修饰谓语动词,但在语义上除了指向动作之外有时还经常指向主体。语义指向动作时,“N+デ”是谓语动词直接蕴含的语义特征之一,同动作之间关系密切;语义指向主体时,“N+デ”不是谓语动词直接蕴含的语义特征,同动作之间保持一定的独立性。

In Japanese, some adverbial modifiers may show a kind of skewed relation between their syntactic and semantic relations. Semantic orientation analysis can effectively clarify this phenomenon. The form ＂‘human-body-related noun＇ plus suffix ＇De＇ （N ＋ De） ＂ is such an adverbial modifier. When modifying a sentential predicate, ＂N ＋ De＂ may syntactically modify the main verb, while semantically, it may occasionally refer to the agent. The meaning of the verb-oriented ＂N ＋ De＂ is contained in the main verb＇s semantic features and is closely related to the action. However, the agent-oriented one is not such a case, and its meaning is independent of the action.