井渠结合灌区节水农业综合技术体系与示范

Water Saving Agricultural Comprehensive Technology System and Demonstration at Irrigation Districts with Well and Cannel

井渠结合是一种普遍的灌溉形式,目前,北方的这类灌区普遍存在着地表水与地下水不能合理调配、地下水过量超采所导致的水环境问题和灌溉效益不高的问题。而灌溉效益低下又进一步扩大了水资源的供需矛盾,使地下水的超采问题进一步加剧,严重制约着灌区经济的可持续发展和水资源的可持续利用。灌区应建立一种什么样的农业发展模式,走一条什么样的节水路线始终是一个研究的重点和难点。在山西晋中榆次区进行了试验与示范(项目区6667 hm2,其中示范区667 hm2,辐射区6000 hm2),就此介绍业已建立的井渠结合灌区(榆次区)节水农业综合技术体系,以及建设的示范区和节水效果。

Irrigation with well and cannel is an average irrigation pattern, which is adopted at most irrigation districts in north china. This irrigation pattern has huge potentiality of water saving. At present, the problems of the unreasonable scheduling between surface water and ground water, water environment problem caused by groundwater excessive overdraft, inferior irrigation efficiency existed at this type of irrigation districts in north. Moreover, inferior irrigation efficiency enlarge the conflict of water resource supply and demand, intensify the problem of groundwater overdraft, restrict sustainable development of econ- omy at irrigation districts and sustainable utilization of water resources. Which type of pattern of agricultural development should be built at irrigation districts？ Which type of way of water saving should be adopted is always emphasis and difficulty of research. In this paper, water saving agricultural comprehensive technology system which built at irrigation district with well and cannel （Yuci district）, demonstration districts and water saving efficiency are introduced.