海岸退化沙地木麻黄人工林能量的研究

Studies on Energy of Casuarina equisetifolia Plantation on Degraded Coastal Sand

应用GR-3500型氧弹式热值仪测定福建沿海中部惠安县崇武林场1989年造的海岸沙地木麻黄人工林热值和能量现存量。结果表明：现存生物量为152．60t·hm^-2，净生产力为10．17t·hm^-2a^-1，凋落物的年归还量为14．17t·hm^-2a^-1。木麻黄各组分干质量热值为19．26．20．53kJ·g^-1，平均为19．70kJ·g^-1，灰分含量为1．20％-11．92％，平均5．23％。整个林分能量现存量为2986．92GJ·hm^-2，各组分的分布为干（43．30％）〉根（24．10％）〉枝（13．60％）〉皮（10％）〉小枝（6．60％）〉枯枝（1．60％）〉果（0．80％）。能量的归还量为294．56GJ·hm^-2，净固定量为196．80GJ·hm^-2。整个林分对林地有效太阳辐射能转化率为0．90％。木麻黄在东南沿海地区有较高的太阳能利用率和生长适应性，是很好的造林树种。

By burning samples in a GR - 3500 Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter, the caloric values and the total amounts of energy of Casuarina equisetifolia plantation planted in 1989 were determined at Chongwu forestry centre of Hui＇an county, central coastline of Fujian Province. The standing crop of biomass, net productivity and litter production of the C. equisetifolia plantation were 152.60 t· hm^- 2, 10.17 and 14.17 t· hm^- 2a^-1, respectively. The gross caloric values of various components varied from 19.26 kJ·g^-1 to 20.53 kJ·g^-1, with the weighted average of 19.70 kJ·g^-1 Ash content ranged from 1.20% to 11.92%, and averaged 5.23 % . Total amounts of energy of plantation was 2 986.92 GJ· hm^- 2, the rank order of various components was stem （43.30%） 〉 root （24.10%） 〉 branch （13.60%） 〉 bark（10%） 〉 foliage （6.60%） 〉 dead branch （1.60%） 〉 fruit （0.80%）. Energy return through litter and net energy fixation were 294.56 and 196.80 GJ· hm^-2, respectively. The energy conversion efficiency of the photosynthetic active radiation was 0.90% on the whole stand. These results demonstrated that C. equisetifolia is a good tree species for silviculture in east-south coastlines of China because of its high energy conversion efficiency and ecological adaptation.