上海地区芸薹属蔬菜遗传多样性研究

Genetic Diversity Analyses Based on SSR Markers of Brassica Vegetable Germplasm Distributed in Shanghai

利用SSR分子标记分析和农艺性状鉴定对上海地区的17份甘蓝、44份白菜，共61份芸薹属蔬菜进行遗传多样性评价。UPGMA聚类结果显示，61份材料被聚类为两大类，甘蓝类和白菜类，其中白菜型蔬菜品种的相似系数在0．96～0．77之间，甘蓝型蔬菜品种的相似系数在0．93～0．63之间。聚类分析的结果说明，上海地区的甘蓝类蔬菜遗传多样性比较丰富，而白菜类蔬菜的遗传基础比较单一，急需保护现有的白菜型蔬菜品种的种质资源，防止遗传流失。本实验还说明通过SSR分子标记技术与农艺性状鉴定相结合，综合评价芸薹属蔬菜的遗传多样性比采用单一的方法更加准确有效。

Genetic diversity of 61 samples, including 17 Brassica oleracea L. and 44 Brassica carnpestris L. cultivars, was estimated by SSR markers and agronomic traits. The UPGMA results showed that 61 samples were divided into 2 groups, Brassica oleracea L. and Brassica campestris L.. Further analysis of UPGMA results indicated that genetic variation of Brassica oleracea was more abundant than that of Brassica carnpestris, so it is necessary to protect the existing germplasm of Brassica carnpestris, and to overcome genetic erosion. The study ended with indication that analysis of the genetic diversity of vegetable plants based on both SSR markers and agronomic traits was more efficient and exact than that based on either one.