不同种小麦氮素同化、运转和分配的比较研究

Comparative Research on Accumulation,Translocation and Redistribution of Nitrogen in Different Wheat Species

选用15个小麦种进化材料,对不同种小麦植株的氮素吸收、同化、运转和分配进行了比较研究。结果表明,现代栽培普通小麦在生长前期和后期,尤其是开花后比野生种小麦积累较多的氮素,与其在开花后叶片氮素同化关键酶硝酸还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶维持高水平活性的持续时间长相一致,并且开花后氮素向籽粒中的运转效率也比野生种小麦显著提高,普通小麦吸收氮素总量以及氮素生物产量利用效率和氮素籽粒产量利用效率均显著高于野生种小麦。

By using fifteen typical genotypes, nitrogn in uptake, assimilation, translocation and redistribution were compared among the different wheat species. During early and late growth stage , especially after anthesis, more nitrogen was accumulated in common wheats, compared with wild wheats, which was in accordance with the longer duration of high levels of nitrate redactase （ NR） and glutamine synthetase （ GS ） activities. The efficiency of N redistributed from vegetative organs to grains was also higher in common wheats than that in wild wheats. Meanwhile total nitrogen uptake, N use efficiency of biological yield and grain yield were greater in common wheat than those in wild wheats.