碘营养状况监测指标研究进展

Assessing and monitoring iodine status in iodine deficiency disorders

微量元素碘的缺乏及其引起的碘缺乏病是一个涉及各国,影响全人类健康的全球公共健康卫生问题。为了消除碘缺乏所带来的不利影响,世界卫生组织于20世纪90年代提出了普遍食盐碘化的应对策略,提倡在碘缺乏地区进行补碘。尿碘、血清甲状腺球蛋白测定,甲状腺超声测量以及新生儿促甲状腺激素测定等是监测、评估碘营养状态的重要指标。本文就上述指标近年来的研究进展进行归纳与总结,并对其在评估人群碘营养状态中的运用进行了初步探讨。

The iodine deficiency disorders （IDD） remain a significant global public health problem even after the beginning of Universal Salt lodization （USI） programs in the 1990s. Iodine supplementation is still an important method to reduce the morbidity of IDD. Urinary iodine, thyroglobulin, thyroid volume detected by ultrasound and neonatal thyrotropin are the most important and frequently used indicators in assessing and monitoring iodine status in the IDD population. There have been many studies about those indicators and have gained a lot in recent years. This article reviewes all these indicators and discusses their characteristics and applications in practice.