从过程到系统:论地层中水流与输运预测模拟

FROM PROCESSES TO SYSTEMS: A DISCUSSION ON PREDICTIVE MODELING OF FLOW AND TRANSPORT IN GEOLOGIC SYSTEMS

人们对地层中溶质流动与输运相关的水力学过程开展了许多研究工作,包括水动力弥散及其尺度效应、基质扩散、流动管道化以及密度驱动流。但对于诸如环境治理与核废料处置问题等有关的污染物或核素流动与输运的当代研究热点,不仅需要对这些单独过程有一个更好的理解,还需要具有对作为一个系统中给定场地的地质介质中溶质输运进行预测的能力。本文将借助于两个实例,阐述和讨论水力输运预测的有关问题。

Much research has been done on many hydrological processes related to flow and transport of solutes in geologic formations. Examples of such processes include dispersion and its scale dependence,matrix diffusion,flow channeling,and density driven flows. However, with the recent interest in flow and transport of contaminants or radionuclides in the subsurface as related to environmental remediation and nuclear waste disposal problems, the need is not only for an advanced understanding of these individual processes, but also for the capability of predicting such transport in the geological medium at a given site as a system. This paper will explore and discuss the issues related to the prediction of hydrologic transport, with the help of two field examples.