笔位变体与笔画教学——由“文字”与“字”的区分谈起

On the Teaching of Chinese Characters

文字是原体，其存在形式是抽象、同一、共性和一般；字是变体，其存在形式是具体、多变、个性和特殊。变体的产生看似随意，其实是有规律的，变体与原体间的相对距离就是变异度．在对外汉语教学中据此原则实施文字教学，将会有利于教师区分重点与非重点，缓解学生学习压力，有效提高汉字的识写效率。

Words are the original with the traits of abstractness, sameness and generality, while characters are variants with the traits of concreteness, changeability, individuality and specialty. The emergence of variants seems arbitrary but there are some rules. The relative distance between the variant and the original is the degree of variation. An understanding of this in TCFL will help both the teachers and the students.