父母教养方式对3～9岁儿童自尊的影响

The Effect of Parental Rearing Style on Self-esteem of Children from 3 to 9 Years Old

目的:考察父母教养方式对3～9岁儿童自尊的影响。方法:采用3～9岁儿童自尊教师评定问卷和父母教养方式问卷对700名儿童进行调查。结果:(1)民主性教养方式与自尊总分呈显著正相关(r=0.687,P=0.000)。(2)父母在不一致性、溺爱性教养方式上的评分与儿童自尊总体(F=7.544,P=0.001;F=3.650,P=0.026)以及重要感(F=6.578,P=0.001;F=3.781,P=0.023)、外表感(F=4.418,P=0.012)、自我胜任感(F=6.132,P=0.002;F=4.989,P=0.007)维度存在显著差异。结论:民主性教养方式有助于儿童形成高自尊;相反,对儿童越溺爱、教育方式越不一致,则容易使儿童形成低自尊。

Objective： To Explore the effect of parental rearing style on self-esteem in children from 3 to 9 years old. Methods： 700 children from 3 to 9 years old were measured with self-compiled Teacher＇s Rating Questionnaire of children＇s self-esteem and Parental Rearing Style Questionnaire. Results： （ 1 ） Democratic rearing style had positive correlation with self-esteem （ r = 0. 687, P = 0. 000 ） . （ 2 ） There were significance differences on children serf-esteem （F=7.544, P=0.001; F=3.650, P=0.026） and sense of significance （F=6.578, P=0.001; F= 3. 781, P=0.023）, sense of appearance （F=4.418, P=0.012）, sense of self-competence （F=6. 132, P= 0. 002 ; F = 4. 989, P = 0. 007 ） in spoiling and disaecording rearing styles. Conclusions： Democratic rearing style contributed to shape high self-esteem; conversely, spoiling and disaccording rearing styles were subject to low self-esteem.